Psychosomatics studies the relationship between mental processes and physical health, in particular, how emotional states affect the occurrence and course of skin diseases. The skin, as the largest organ of the human body, is closely connected to the nervous system, which makes it sensitive to psychological factors, writes IZ.
Studies show that psychosomatic skin diseases account for 14-18% of all dermatoses. 21% of patients in psychiatric hospitals exhibit skin symptoms. Emotional factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression play a significant role in the development of dermatological problems.
The most common psychosomatic skin diseases include:
- Psoriasis : A chronic, non-contagious disease characterized by dry, red patches on the skin. Stressful situations can trigger or worsen psoriasis.
- Atopic dermatitis (neurodermatitis) : an inflammatory skin disease accompanied by intense itching. Emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression can contribute to its development and exacerbation.
- Hives : A sudden, itchy rash on the skin, often associated with allergic reactions. Stress can be a trigger for hives.
The skin and nervous system share a common embryonic origin, which explains their close relationship. Mental states can affect the immune system, altering the reactivity of the skin. For example, stress can lead to an imbalance in the immune response, contributing to the development or exacerbation of skin diseases.
Skin problems can negatively impact a patient's mental health, causing feelings of shame, low self-esteem, and social isolation. This creates a vicious cycle where psychological problems worsen skin conditions, and skin conditions exacerbate mental discomfort.
Effective treatment of psychosomatic skin diseases requires a comprehensive approach that includes:
- Psychotherapy : Techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy help patients manage stress and emotional disorders that can be triggers for skin problems.
- Pharmacotherapy : The use of medications to control both skin symptoms and associated mental disorders, such as anxiety or depression.
- Relaxation techniques : Methods such as meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises help reduce stress levels and improve overall well-being.
To reduce the risk of developing psychosomatic skin diseases, it is recommended to:
- Stress management : developing skills for coping with stressful situations, including relaxation and time management techniques.
- Healthy lifestyle : a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and sufficient sleep help strengthen the immune system and improve skin condition.
- Psychological support : seeking professional help when experiencing emotional difficulties or chronic stress can prevent the development of psychosomatic disorders.
Understanding the relationship between the psyche and the skin is key to effective diagnosis, treatment and prevention of psychosomatic skin diseases. A comprehensive approach that takes into account both physical and psychological aspects ensures the best results for patients.
Learn more about why there is an iron taste in your mouth, possible causes, and when to see a doctor.