Burns are one of the most common injuries that can occur at home. They can be caused by hot objects, liquids, chemicals, or even the sun. However, proper and timely first aid can significantly reduce the risk of complications and speed up the healing process. In this article, Baltimore Chronicle will discuss the main stages of first aid for hand burns, as well as useful tips that can come in handy in emergency situations.
What Are Burns and How Do They Occur?
Burns are injuries to the skin and tissues caused by exposure to high temperatures, chemicals, or electrical current. At home, thermal burns are the most common, resulting from contact with hot surfaces or liquids.
Types of Burns
There are three main degrees of burns:
- First degree — mild redness, slight swelling.
- Second degree — blister formation, pain, redness.
- Third degree — damage to all layers of the skin, possible tissue necrosis.
Each of these degrees requires a different approach to treatment, so it’s important to assess the situation correctly.
Stages of First Aid for Hand Burns
Providing first aid for hand burns depends on the degree of injury and the type of burn. However, there are several general steps that should be taken immediately after a burn occurs.
Step 1: Cooling the Affected Area
One of the first and most important steps in treating hand burns is cooling the affected area. This helps reduce pain and prevents deeper tissue damage.
- Hold the burned hand under cool (but not ice-cold) running water for 10-15 minutes.
- If there’s no access to water, you can use cold, clean cloths or special cooling gels.
Step 2: Removing Clothing or Other Objects
If hot liquid or objects have come into contact with the skin, gently remove anything that might be holding heat and worsening the situation.
- If clothing sticks to the skin, do not attempt to tear it off.
- If possible, remove rings, watches, and other jewelry that might restrict blood flow.
Step 3: Treating the Burn
After cooling and removing clothing, the burned area should be treated. It is important not to use folk remedies like oils or toothpaste, as these can lead to infection.
- For mild burns, you can use antiseptic solutions or special healing ointments.
- In case of blister formation, do not puncture the blisters, as this could lead to infection.
Step 4: Pain Relief
In case of severe pain, over-the-counter pain relievers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can be used. However, it’s important to follow the recommended dosage.
Step 5: Seeking Medical Help
If the burn is serious (such as a third-degree burn), do not delay seeking medical attention. This will help prevent complications and ensure professional care.
Comparison of Burn Types and Treatment Methods
| Burn Degree | Symptoms | First Aid | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Degree | Redness, swelling | Cooling with water, applying ointment | Healing ointments, moisturizing |
| 2nd Degree | Blisters, pain | Cooling, antiseptics | Ointments, medical help |
| 3rd Degree | Tissue necrosis | Cooling, pain relief | Surgery, antibiotics |
How to Prevent Burns at Home?
Burns can be prevented by following a few simple tips:
- Install thermal protection screens in the kitchen.
- Use gloves when handling hot objects.
- Avoid contact with hot liquids.
- Never leave children unattended in the kitchen.
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