Insect bites are an integral part of the warm seasons, which can cause not only discomfort, but also serious allergic reactions. The most common problem after a bite is itching, which can spoil your mood and interfere with everyday activities? writes IZ. Why does itching occur after insect bites and how to quickly and effectively relieve it? In this article, we will take a detailed look at the mechanism of itching, the most common ways to combat it, and tips on how to avoid bites in the future.
Content
- Why does itching occur after an insect bite?
- The most common insects whose bites cause itching
- How to relieve itching after an insect bite: effective methods
- What not to do when itching: common mistakes
- Prevention of insect bites
Why does itching occur after an insect bite?
Itching after an insect bite is a consequence of the body's immune response to foreign substances that enter the skin along with the insect's saliva or venom. Let's consider this process in more detail:
1. Insect saliva or venom. When an insect bites, it injects saliva or venom that contains proteins and anticoagulants (substances that prevent blood from clotting). These components are foreign to the body.
2. Immune response. The immune system responds to the invasion by producing histamine, a chemical compound that causes blood vessels to dilate and increase their permeability.
3. Itching and redness. Histamine irritates nerve endings in the skin, causing an itchy sensation. Vasodilation leads to redness and swelling.
The most common insects whose bites cause itching
1. Mosquitoes. Their bites are accompanied by immediate itching and swelling due to anticoagulants in their saliva.
2. Ticks. Itching can occur hours or even days after a bite, especially if part of the tick remains under the skin.
3. Bees and wasps. Their venom causes a severe allergic reaction, which is accompanied by pain, itching, and even possible complications.
4. Fleas and bed bugs . They leave small, multiple bites that are especially itchy at night.
How to relieve itching after an insect bite: effective methods
1. Cold compresses. Apply a cold towel or ice wrapped in a cloth to the bite site for 10–15 minutes. This will reduce swelling and relieve itching.
2. Baking soda and water. Make a paste of baking soda and a small amount of water, apply to the bite, and leave for 10 minutes. The baking soda neutralizes the acidity of saliva and reduces itching.
3. Vinegar solution. Mix one part vinegar with three parts water and wipe the bite area. This will help relieve irritation.
4. Honey: Apply a thin layer of honey to the bite. It has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which helps heal faster.
5. Pharmaceuticals.
- Antihistamine creams: These help reduce itching and inflammation by blocking the action of histamine.
- Hydrocortisone cream. Effective for severe itching, but should not be used for more than 3–4 days in a row.
- Paracetamol or ibuprofen. Will help relieve pain and inflammation in severe bites.
What not to do when itching: common mistakes
1. Don't scratch the bite . This will only make the itching worse and can lead to infection.
2. Do not use alcohol. It dries out the skin and can cause further irritation.
3. Do not apply tight bandages . They create a greenhouse effect, which can increase inflammation.
Prevention of insect bites
- Use repellents. Products based on DEET or essential oils (lavender, citronella) help repel insects.
- Wear light-colored, closed clothing. Insects notice dark colors more easily.
- Avoid standing water. This is a breeding ground for mosquitoes, so drain water from buckets and basins in the yard.
As a reminder, we previously wrote about why the eye itches: allergy or infection?