Scientists have successfully reproduced the face of an ancient Egyptian mummy thanks to an in-depth scientific reconstruction.
This information was reported by T4, URA-Inform reports.
This mummified head, once on display in a school library in Australia, has now taken on a new look. The origins of this ancient artifact remain mysterious – it is unknown how it came to be at a high school in Grafton, New South Wales, located approximately 480 kilometers north of Sydney.
The hundred-year-old note only notes that it refers to a “Real Egyptian Mummy.” Now, this artifact will be displayed alongside 3D printed sculptures created from medical scans and forensic techniques to demonstrate the reconstruction process and recreate the appearance of the person during his life.
For this latest reconstruction, the researchers used computed tomography to scanned an antique skull, then 3D printed a model to create a realistic facial reconstruction.
Research conducted by universities in Australia and Italy determined that the head belonged to a woman between 50 and 60 years old at the time of death. The flecks of gold attached to the mummy indicate that it lived during Egypt's Greco-Roman period (332 BC – 395 AD), when gold leaf was used in the mummification process. The latest reconstruction shows a realistic portrait of an elderly Egyptian woman with her hair in the Greek style popular at the time.
Once the scientists had the 3D printed skull, they added eyes and markers to show tissue depth, which were based on ultrasound measurements of modern Egyptians.
Then they created the musculature around the markers and used formulas to estimate soft tissue characteristics , which can be determined by the size of the skull. For example, the nose was reconstructed from the angles of the bone around the nasal opening in the skull and careful measurements of the opening itself.
The mouth on this skull was severely damaged, so the researchers determined its structure by consulting with a forensic odontologist or VFIM dental specialist . The final sculpture was treated with a bronze-colored resin, which forensic experts say is better than choosing skin color.
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