How to understand that you have an allergy: main signs and methods of diagnosis

An allergy is a reaction of the immune system to substances that are usually safe for most people. It can manifest itself in different ways: from mild itching to serious anaphylactic reactions, writes IZ. It is very important to recognize the symptoms in time to avoid complications and improve the quality of life. In this article, we will consider the main signs of allergy, its types and diagnostic methods.

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• Main symptoms of allergies
• Types of allergies
• How to diagnose allergies
• How to avoid allergy symptoms
• Natural methods to reduce allergy symptoms

Main symptoms of allergies

Allergy symptoms can vary, depending on the allergen and the individual's body. The most common symptoms include:

1. Respiratory manifestations :

• Nasal congestion or runny nose.
• Sneezing and itchy nose.
• Cough and difficulty breathing.
• Wheezing or shortness of breath (often seen with asthma).

1. Skin reactions :

• Rash, redness, or itching.
• Hives (red, itchy bumps on the skin).
• Atopic dermatitis or eczema.

1. Eye symptoms :

• Redness and tearing.
• Itching and swelling of the eyelids.

1. Gastrointestinal reactions :

• Nausea or vomiting.
• Diarrhea or abdominal pain.

1. Serious allergic reactions :

• Anaphylaxis is a dangerous condition accompanied by swelling of the larynx, difficulty breathing, and a sharp drop in blood pressure.

Types of allergies

There are several main types of allergies, each of which has its own characteristics:

• Food allergies (to dairy products, nuts, eggs, seafood, etc.).
• Pollen allergy (seasonal pollinosis or hay fever).
• Allergy to animals (pet fur, saliva, dander).
• Allergy to dust and dust mites .
• Drug allergy (reaction to antibiotics, painkillers).
• Contact allergy (reaction to cosmetics, detergents, latex).

How to diagnose allergies

If you suspect you have an allergy, it is important to see an allergist. The following methods are used to establish an accurate diagnosis:

1. Skin tests – a small amount of allergen is applied to the skin and the reaction is observed.
2. Blood test for immunoglobulin E (IgE) – helps detect hypersensitivity to certain substances.
3. Provocation tests are controlled administration of an allergen under the supervision of a doctor.
4. Elimination diets — excluding a suspected allergen from the diet to detect the body's reaction.

How to avoid allergy symptoms

• Minimize contact with allergens.
• Ventilate the room regularly and use air purifiers.
• Use hypoallergenic skin care products and household chemicals.
• Follow your doctor's recommendations regarding medication (antihistamines, corticosteroids, immunotherapy).

Natural methods to reduce allergy symptoms

In addition to medical treatment, there are natural methods that can help reduce allergy symptoms:

• Honey and pollen : It is believed that consuming small amounts of local honey can help the body adapt to pollen.
• Nasal irrigation with saline solution : This helps clear the nasal passages of allergens and reduce irritation.
• Consuming anti-inflammatory foods : Turmeric, ginger, green tea, and omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce inflammation in the body.
• Maintaining healthy gut microflora . Some studies indicate that probiotics may reduce allergic reactions.

As a reminder, we previously wrote about why skin itches during stress: psychosomatic causes

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